Analysis of Efficiency of Solar PV Cell

Analysis of Efficiency of solar PV CellThe faculty estimation is the most frequently method used to compare the surgical process of solar carrels. This method can be defined as the dimension of power outturn from the solar carrell over the irradiance power output. In addition of estimating the performance of the solar cellular telephone itself, the competency depends on the spectrum, frenzy of sun easy and the temperature of the solar cell (Fouladi et al., 2013). The efficiency of solar cells can be estimated using the following comparison 3.15Where I is the output current, V is the voltage, A is the aperture surface area of the PV faculty. P is the electrical power generated, GT is the solar beam of light flux on module plane (W/m2) and is the cell/module electrical efficiency. The panel efficiency is violenceed by the cell temperature and irradiance and this effect in efficiency can by estimated by connecting the existing surround conditions to a reference condition using the following equivalence 3.16 (Fouladi et al., 2013)ref is the cell efficiency at the reference temperature, Tref (typically 25 C), 1000 W/m2 is the reference solar irradiance. is the temperature coefficient and is the solar irradiance coefficient and both coefficients depend on the PV materials.From Equation 3.16, it can be noticed that an add in cell temperature (TC) would consequence in decrease in efficiency (Fouladi et al., 2013). The value of is often untrue to be zero and Equation 3.17 will beref and value are given by the manufacturers. However, the can be estimated using a flash test in which the cells electrical output is measured at two different temperatures for given solar actinotherapy flux (Hart and Raghuraman, 1982 Skoplaki and Palyvos, 2009). The actual value of it depends on Tref along with the addiction on PV materials and it can be given by Equation 3.18T0 is the temperature at which the electrical efficiency of the PV module reach is zero (Garg and Agarwal, 1995 Skoplaki and Palyvos, 2009). For crystalline ti solar cells the highest temperature in at which the PV module electricity drops to Zero is 270 C (Evans and Florschuetz, 1978 Skoplaki and Palyvos, 2009).The output voltage decreases significantly with the increase of the cell temperature and that causes the current to increase slightly. Nominal operation cell temperature method (NOCT) is used to estimate the cell temperature. This method estimates the cell temperature by measure the cell temperature of an open-rack PV module on a lower floor an open circuit and in a standard reference environment Fouladi et al., 2013).The solar radiation is estimated typically to be 800W/m2 (GT, NOCT) and the PV panel is tilted 45 from the horizontal and exposed to 20 C air (Ta, NOCT) at 1 m/s. Equation 3.19 can be expressed as (Fouladi et al., 2013)Tc = Where UL is the thermal loss coefficient, Ta is the air temperature and GT is the irradiance on the plane of the panel. Coeffici ent is the solar transmittance of glazing and coefficient is the solar absorptance of the PV layer. is the electrical efficiency. According to (Duffie and Beckham, 1980 Fouladi et al., 2013), the term is trifling so Equation 3.20 will becomeTc = UL which is the overall enkindle loss for the panel can be estimated using the following Equation 3.20UL = Where h is the convective heat loss coefficient and qrad is the radiation heat loss from the panel. in that respect are other environmental factors that can influence the performance and the efficiency of the PV cells other than the temperature such as (Mekhilef et al., 2012)DustDust accumulation on the surface of PV panel trims the amount of irradiance required for PV cell to reach maximal efficiency. The excessive accumulation of dust decreases the quality of the solar cells.HumidityThe effect of the humidness it is somehow comparable to the effect of the dust. The water vapor particles decreases the take aim of the sunlight i rradiance needed for the PV panel to reach the maximum efficiency. When the PV surface becomes moist, the light is scattered either by reflection, diffraction or refraction when it comes in connection with the water droplets.Beside the environmental factors that affect the efficiency of the PV panel, there are expert factors that are based on electricity generation system that similarly can influence the efficiency of the module such as (Darwish et al., 2013) establish of tilt angleThe tilt angle is one of major factors that sterilise the performance of the PV panels. The variation of the angle that the system is set with can authority the level of the dust disposition on the glass and the amount of irradiance transmittal of the photographic plate under various weather conditions. proceeding of PV Technologyphotovoltaic technology is classified into two groups which are silicon crystalline and tenuous film. Each group of PV modules consists of different types of solar cells. These different types of solar cell vary also in their efficiencies, guard to high temperatures and also resistance to harsh environment locations. The investigations found that a-Si performs best in dusty environment.Effect of CleaningThere are four methods to remove the dust and reduce the effect of the dust on the PV glass panel such as (1) Natural, (2) Mechanical, (3) electro-mechanical and (4) electrostatic. The natural cleaning method is considered to be the simplest removal method because it depends on the rainfall and wind clearing.ReferencesFouladi, F. Henshaw, P. and Ting, S. D. K. (2013) Enhancing Smart Grid realization with accurate prognostication of photovoltaic performance based on weather forecast, International journal of Environmental Studies, vol. (70), no. (5), pp. 754-764, DOI 10.1080/00207233.2013.798497Skoplaki, E. and Palyvos, J. A. 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