An Epidemiology Of Two Diseases Health And Social Care Essay

tuberculosis is an infective disorder that is considered as one of the greatest slayer of tot wholey clip which is caused by bacteriums whose scientific name is Mycobacterium TB anyway known as Koch s B. Tuberculosis is characterized by the formation of tubercles on the lungs and opposite tissues of the organic structure. Harmonizing to the wellness Protection Agency, TB normally causes indisposition in the lungs ( pneumonic ) , precisely can at any pasture impact other parts of the organic structure ( extra-pulmonary ) . Merely the pneumonic signifier of TB indisposition is infective. Transmission occurs through coughing of infective droplets, and normally requires lengthened close contact with an infective instance. Terbium is cur fit with a combination of specific antibiotics, but intervention must be continued for at least six monthsThe wellness Protection Agency is one of the bureaus that atomic number 18 involved in advancing the wellness of persons that are affect by the disease. The wellness protection bureau intends to advance the riddance of TB in Eng consume by the support of the National Health Services and the Department of Health by developing a BCG ( Bacillus Calmette-Guerin ) Immunisation Programme. The marks of this broadcast are the persons who are at great hazard of geting the disease much(prenominal) as babes and ageinger the great unwasheds who are some likely easy affected by the disease.Lung cancerous neoplastic disease is the most common cancerous neoplastic disease in the universe but it is one of the most preventable types of cancerous neoplastic disease. Nine out of 10 plenty who have lung malignant neoplastic disease are caused by ingest but some mass who are non non-smokers are too affected. many a(prenominal) people believed that lung malignant neoplastic disease can non be toughened but it can merely by descrying its early marks such as gruesome cough for two hebdomads, repeated chest infection, relentle ss thorax or shoulder strivings, clog spill, declining cough, and fatigue or loss of energy. On the study of BBC News Network UK, it says that West Scotland has the highest invest of people diagnosed with lung malignant neoplastic disease than those people populating in the remainder of joined Kingdom because smoking rates are 5 % higher in Scotland than the remainder of the UK, verbalize Professor David Forman of Leeds University.The National wellness services said that the most effectual manner of forestalling lung malignant neoplastic disease is to non smoke or if you have been smoking and have serious wellness conditions better quit smoking every bit early as possible. In order to minimise the rate of lung malignant neoplastic disease in the state the National Health Services have get on with up with a computer platform called, Go Smoke Free Programme, this programme is intended to process those people to discontinue smoke and it besides provides apologise group or one on one support from teach advisers, and entree to four hebdomads nicotine replacing therapy. It is besides suggested by the National Health Services that a diet rich in fruits and veggies and regular drill can cut down the hazard of holding lung malignant neoplastic disease ( http //www.nhs.uk/Conditions/Cancer-of-the-lung/Pages/Prevention.aspx ) .Epidemiology OF THE TWO DISEASESTUBERCULOSIS EPIDEMIOLOGYFigure 1. Tuberculosis instance studies and rates by age group and sex, UK, 2008hypertext transfer communications protocol //www.hpa.org.uk/web/HPAweb & A HPAwebStandard/HPAweb_C/1225268898745The externalise shows the instances of TB by rate and age of male and womanly in the United Kingdom by the twelvemonth 2008. It is noticeable in the represent that between the ages zero to twenty nine the instances of TB is bit by bit increasing. It besides shows that from the ages runing from 0-4, 10-14, and 15-19 the go steady of effeminate instances are higher than the epitome of ma le instances which indicates that these age groups are easy transmitted by TB but it shows that the lowest instance of TB is from the age of 90 and to a higher place because nowadays lifetime rewrites and there are few who are able to last at this age. From ages between 30-89 old ages old the Numberss of male and female instances of TB were diminishing from near 680 instances down to 5 Numberss of instances. In footings of rate, the figure shows that the highest rates were in immature grownups and these rates shows that males are more given up to TB than females. Higher rates were besides seen in persons aged 75-90 old ages because that at this age their immune system is weaker than the younger aged that is why the disease can be easy transmitted.LUNG CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGYhypertext transfer protocol //info.cancerresearchuk.org/cancerstats/types/lung/incidence/uk-lung-cancer-incidence-statisticsThe figure shows the Numberss of new instances and age specific incidence rate between m ale and female diagnosed with lung malignant neoplastic disease in the UK in the twelvemonth 2006. Lung malignant neoplastic disease is seldom diagnosed under 30 old ages of age. The figure shows that get downing from the age of 40 until the age of 70 nine the figure of instances between male and female diagnosed with lung malignant neoplastic disease are invariably increasing as the figure of rate in male and female per 100,000 population additions but at the age between 79-85 the figure of instances were diminishing from about 4,500 instances to 2,000 instances. It is besides noticed in the figure that the figure of instances and rate of people diagnosed with lung malignant neoplastic disease are higher in male than in female of all age groups.APPROACHES AND STRATEGIESTobacco is the individual largest preventable cause of malignant neoplastic disease in the universe today. It causes 80 % 90 % of all lung malignant neoplastic disease deceases and about 30 % of all malignant neopl astic disease deceases in the development states. A comprehensive intent including prohibitions on baccy merchandises, advertisement and sponsorship, increased revenue enhancement on baccy merchandises and surcease programmes can cut down baccy consumption in many states. In Addition, In order to understate the rate of incidence of lung malignant neoplastic disease in the state it is besides of import that wellness professionals would inform the people in the community about the side consequence of smoking to the wellness and good being of hotshot such as developing tummy ulcers, decreased circulation of blood liquify to the appendages like the fingers and toes, the hazard of developing upper respiratory piece of land infections would be increased, and developing different sorts of malignant neoplastic diseases.Another classic attack to command the incidence of increasing rate of malignant neoplastic disease more specifically lung malignant neoplastic disease is the alteration of diet. Low fat high fiber diet can assist cut down the hazard of developing accredited sorts of malignant neoplastic disease. Regular exercising and care of normal organic structure weight along with a healthy diet will assist understate the happening of malignant neoplastic disease. National policies and programmes should besides be utilize to raise consciousness and cut down exposure to malignant neoplastic disease hazard factors that people are provided with the information and back up them in order to follow a healthy life style.INVESTIGATE period PRIORITIES AND APPROACHES TO THE PROVISION OF SERVICESSince smoke is one of the major causes of lung malignant neoplastic disease and it is evitable the National Health Services developed a programme called Go Smoke Free Programme, this programme helps persons who are tobacco users to induce themselves to discontinue smoke by supplying one to one or group support. The Go Smoke Free Programme identifies the benefits of non smo king and helps people in bettering their wellness like cut downing the hazard of certain unwellness, disablement or disease caused by malignant neoplastic disease, nerve disease, and lung diseases ( hypertext transfer protocol //smokefree.nhs.uk/why-go-smokefree/quit-smoking-and-start-living/ ) .